Simple Past versus Past Continuous: chega de confusão!

Simple Past X Past Continuous

Form

Simple Past	Past Continuous
Irregular verbs: see 2nd column of irregular verbs I spoke regular verbs: verb + ed I worked	past form of 'be' + ing form of verb I was speaking you were speaking he / she / it was speaking we were speaking they were speaking
Exceptions
Exceptions when adding 'ed' : when the final letter is e, only add d. Example: love - loved after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: admit - admitted final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel - travelled after a consonant, final y becomes i. (but: not after a vowel) Example: worry - he worried but: play - he played	Exceptions when adding 'ing': silent e is dropped (but: does not apply for -ee) Example: come - coming but: agree - agreeing after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: sit - sitting final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel - travelling final ie becomes y. Example: lie - lying

Use

After another or at the same time?

Do you want to express that the actions in the past happened one after another or at the same time?

Simple Past	Past Continuous
After another She came home, switched on the computer and checked her e-mails.	At the same time Simon was playing on the computer while his brother was watching TV.

New action or already in progress?

If you want to express that a new action happened in the middle of another action, you need both tenses: Simple Past the new action and Past Continuous for the action already in progress.

Simple Past	Past Continuous
New action My mobile rang (when I was sitting in a meeting.)	Action already in progress While I was sitting in a meeting, (my mobile suddenly rang.)

Only mentioning or emphasizing progress?

Do you just want to mention that an action took place in the past (also used for short actions)? Or do you want to put emphasis on the progress, e.g. that an action was taking place at a certain time?

Simple Past	Past Continuous
Just mentioning Colin played football yesterday.	Emphasizing progress Yesterday at six o'clock, Colin was playing football.

Certain Verbs

The following verbs are usually only used in Simple Past (not in the Continuous form).

• state: be, cost, fit, mean, suit

Example: We were on holiday.

• possession: belong, have

Example: Sam had a cat.

• senses: feel, hear, see, smell, taste, touch

Example: He felt the cold.

• feelings: hate, hope, like, love, prefer, regret, want, wish

Example: Jane loved pizza.

• brain work: believe, know, think, understand

Example: I did not understand him.

• introductory clauses for direct speech: answer, ask, reply, say

Example: “I am watching TV”, he said.

Signal words

Simple Past	Past Continuous
first then If-clause Type 2 (If I talked, …)	when while as long as

Abraços e bom estudo!